Abstract: Under the influence of the human right mindset in modern times, the concept of the collective of human beings was replaced with the concept of the class of human beings, and environmental elements were mixed with property acquired from the environment, leading to form the concept of "the common heritage of mankind". However, national self-interest motives ultimately put the concept in dilemma. Although the concept of "the common concern of mankind" is more reasonable than the concept of "the common heritage of mankind" in many ways, it is still not enough to rescue the concept of "the common heritage of mankind" and doesn't become the correct attitude to treat relevant international public domains from the perspective of environmental protection. "Human interest" is the right attitude to treat the international public domain in the view of environmental protection. The implementation mechanism of the human interest is the objective which the international community should strive to explore cooperatively.