Abstract: Based on the game thinking, this study built a cooperative game analysis framework of collective action to analyze the regional inter-governmental agreement under the cooperative game framework. The process to sign and carry out the regional inter-governmental agreement is also the process of collective action cooperative game. On the basis of the analysis of the framework of these elements building, for example, human nature assumption of cooperative game participants, utility of the game, and strategy selection, this study pointed out that the regional inter-governmental agreement is the result of collective action cooperative game. It also analyzed problems, such as the motivation of the local government, incentive, game utility and mechanism design in the process of regional inter-governmental agreement operation from the perspective of game. The results show that the promotion of cooperation through the agreement between regional governments has become an important way of regional administration, namely the contractual administrative way. The regional contractual administrative way based on agreement realizes the repetitive dynamic game of each participant, accumulates mutual trust and consensus between the local governments, and helps form trust foundation, thus to realize a win-win game equilibrium and regional public governance modernization.