Abstract: There is a phenomenon of paying more attention to research while disparaging teaching among university teachers in China. External incentives have an important role in the formation of this phenomenon.Under the conditions of limited rationality, this study constructed the university teachers' game pay-off matrix of taking teaching as focus or taking research as focus under the external incentives, using the framework of evolutionary game and tools of dynamic differential equation solution and differentiation. It analyzed and demonstrated the strategic selection, adjustment, trend and stability of university teachers' working focuses.The conclusion is that the key to teachers' strategic selection, adjustment, trend and stability is the the difference or comparison between teaching incentives and research incentives, rather than mere teaching or research incentives. This conclusion gives universities and the relevant authorities the revelation that they should take teachers' expectations of earnings and game strategies in teaching incentives and research incentives into account when they develop and implement incentive measures.