Abstract: China's aviation arbitration comes across many difficulties,such as,the scope of arbitration being inconsistent,recognition and enforcement of ad hoc arbitration being unequal and Shanghai International Aviation Court of Arbitration being faced with developmental challenges. In order to construct diversified dispute settlement mechanism and play a well function and effective role in original value of aviation arbitration,we should unify and define the arbitration range of aviation dispute by practices of international community,rely on Shanghai International Aviation Court of Arbitration,then roll out a new pilot project of aviation ad hoc arbitration with a open attitude,recognize the legitimacy of the aviation ad hoc arbitration and finally carry out the dual track of aviation ad hoc arbitration and aviation institutional arbitration. We could promote reform and development of China's aviation arbitration system by following steps. In the early,focusing on general institutional arbitration,in the mid term,toward aviation ad hoc arbitration and finally to specialized aviation institution arbitration.