Abstract: The research competitiveness is one of the important standard to measure the management level and innovation ability of University. This research is based on the DEA model to evaluate 32 "985"University of research competitiveness (resource allocation efficiency).The results show that the distribution of input and output of colleges is extremely unbalanced. The 17 colleges' DEA of overall efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency is efficient. The research competitiveness of Fudan University, Beijing Normal University, Nankai University, Tsinghua University and the Peking University is the best; the 14 colleges exist input redundancy and output shortage phenomenon. In the reform process of taking the quality management as the core, performance evaluation technology based on DEA can effectively compare the resource allocation efficiency between colleges, and effectively improve research competitiveness of colleges.