论“一带一路”国际航天合作法律问题

    Analysis of Legal Issues in International Space Cooperation under the “One Belt, One Road” Intiative

    • 摘要: 国际航天合作对在“一带一路”区域实现信息的互通互联必不可少,因而对该倡议的实现起着至关重要的作用。根据相关政策,卫星应用、尤其是通过卫星应用建立“空间信息走廊”是中国在“一带一路”区域进行国际航天合作的核心领域。“一带一路”倡议涉及国家众多,各国对“一带一路”倡议的态度不一,法律完善程度和各类具体制度差异甚大,航天发展水平和需求也参差不齐。在此背景下,国际技术转让、相关权益的分配及保护、卫星应用的相关法律规制是亟待解决的首要问题。中国应采取“双管齐下”的规制路径,在国际层面,一方面利用既存资源促成国际合作,另一方面采用软法以及条约的形式搭建新的合作框架;在国内层面,从多个角度、多个层次全方面完善相关立法,以达到逐渐实现航天活动透明化,乃至促进国际合作的目的。

       

      Abstract: International space cooperation is essential for the realization of interconnection of information in the "One Belt, One Road" zone. According to related policies, satellite application, especially the establishment of a "Space Information Corridor" through satellite application, constitutes China's key area of international space cooperation in the "One Belt, One Road" zone. However, the "One Belt, One Road" Initiative involves plenty of countries, which hold different attitudes towards the "One Belt, One Road" Initiative, differ in degree of legal perfection and legal systems, and vary greatly in development levels of as well as needs for the space sector. Consequently, how to gradually establish space cooperation in different forms with interesting countries and how to avoid legal risks constitute the primary problems to be solved. China should deal with the problems from both the international level and the national level. On the international level, China should, on the one hand, utilize existing resources to find opportunities to cooperate, and, on the other hand, establish new cooperative relations through soft law as well as treaties. On the national level, China should perfect the legal system from various perspectives and levels in order to make space activities more transparent, and thus promote international cooperation.

       

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