Abstract: Most studies focused on the innovation performance of major R&D project teams, but few revealed their research training environment. Based on the perspective of educational ecosystem, this study took major R&D project teams as research objects, collected data through participatory observations and interviews. It was found that the major R&D project teams provided 10 kinds of affordance for students' academic growth at three levels:cognition, emotion and value. These affordances were knowledge sharing, academic exchange, training list, free inquiry, faculty modeling, positive reinforcement, learning from failure, low anxiety research, scientific and humanistic spirit, ideological and political education of research group. Those affordances were scattered, and the diversity of affordances was conducive to creating a good research training environment, stimulating students'academic interests and promoting students' academic growth.