Abstract: To achieve high-quality development has become a committed goal of China’s socioeconomic development in the medium- and long-term future. Meanwhile, the high-quality development of energy is one of the fundamental requirements of holstering the country’s high-quality development. In order to address the issues of global climate change and demonstrate China’s responsibility as a great power, China has pledged the ambitious goal of carbon neutralization, which puts forward new and higher requirements for promoting the high-quality development of China's energy industry. Therefore, there raises an urgent task to explore the high-quality development path of China’s energy industry in order to achieve the plausible policy goal of carbon neutralization. Taking full considerations of China’s socioeconomic and environmental conditions and carbon emission reduction targets, this study conducts a comparative study between China and different countries and find that China’s total energy demand and carbon dioxide emissions are projected to maintain a remarkable increase trajectory. The estimation results show that to fulfill carbon neutralization goal is a challenging policy goal, and the transformation of energy structure become a demanding task. Therefore, against the backdrop of achieving carbon neutralization, Chinese government has to promote the high-quality development of energy, accelerate technology progress, and establish a good international image. This paper identified five contributing factors to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization, namely, reducing total energy consumption, the proportion of fossil-based energy and carbon emissions per unit of fossil energy, increasing forest carbon sequestration and developing CCS (including CCUS). Based on the research outcomes, this paper provides three concrete policy recommendations, namely, energy saving and efficiency improvement, energy structure optimization and technological innovation, and ideological innovation of the public. Along with rapid globalization, to address climate change become a common challenge for the global society. Finally, this paper proposes to strengthen the top-level design and issue China's national action plan to ensure the two climate policy goals of 2030 and 2060; it is imperatively important to identify the core technologies in the technology and industry chains and strengthen the deployment, commercialization and application of demonstration projects; collaborative treatment of different pollutants is another important task which needs well-considered policy design and governance mechanisms innovation.