“低碳城市”试点政策能否促进绿色技术进步?基于渐进双重差分模型的考察

    Can the Low-carbon Policy Promote the Progress of Green Technology?An Investigation based on Time-varying DID Model

    • 摘要: 低碳城市建设是推动节能减排、实现中国2030年碳达峰目标和经济社会全面绿色转型的一项重要举措,而促进绿色技术进步则是推动绿色发展的必然选择。但是,现有文献鲜有从网络视角对绿色技术进步的空间关联效应进行深入探讨。基于2005—2020年中国绿色发明专利授权数据构建了专利引证网络,以城市专利引证和被引证数量分别表征城市绿色技术进步和绿色技术溢出水平,并运用渐进双重差分模型(Time-varying DID)考察了“低碳城市”试点政策对城市绿色技术进步和绿色技术溢出的影响,进而识别了城市绿色技术进步的来源、靶向目标和参与主体。研究发现:“低碳城市”试点政策显著促进了城市绿色技术进步和绿色技术溢出,这一结论在经过平行趋势检验、倾向得分匹配-DID检验和安慰剂检验等一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。同时,“低碳城市”试点政策也促进了跨区域绿色技术进步和绿色技术溢出,且对高行政级别城市及其周边的试点城市影响更强;该政策对高污染行业绿色技术进步和绿色技术溢出的影响更加明显,且对企业绿色技术进步和绿色技术溢出的影响强于科研院所等非营利机构。

       

      Abstract: The construction of low-carbon cities is a pilot policy to promote energy conservation and emission reduction, achieve China's 2030 carbon peak goal and comprehensive green transformation of economy and society. Promoting the progress of green technology is an important starting point to achieve the goals of emission reduction and green development. However, the existing literature rarely discusses the spatial correlation effect of green technology progress from the perspective of network, and fails to reveal the spatial path of green technology progress. Based on the authorized patents of Chinese green invention from 2005 to 2020, a patent citation network is constructed, and the progress and spillover of urban green technology are characterized by the number of urban patent citations and citations respectively. The impact of the pilot policy of low-carbon city on urban green technical progress and spillover by using a vary-difference-in-difference model, and analyze factors of urban green technology progress such as the source, target and participants. The result shows that the pilot policy of low-carbon city significantly promoted the progress and spillover of urban green technology. This conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests such as parallel trend test, PSM-DID test and placebo test. At the same time, the pilot policy of low-carbon city mainly promotes cross regional green technology progress and spillovers, and has a stronger impact on high-level administrative cities and their surrounding pilot cities; The pilot policy of low-carbon city has a stronger effect on the progress and spillover of green technology in high pollution industries; The pilot policy of low-carbon city has a slightly higher impact on the progress and spillover of green technology of enterprises than non-profit institutions such as scientific research institutes.

       

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