Abstract: The ultimate goal of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology development is to form a commercial operation mode in which investors participate spontaneously, and private interests and public welfare coexist. The realization of this goal must be supported by the financial system. However, current CCS projects are facing financing difficulties with narrow channels and in short supply. Therefore, in this paper, the financing mechanism of “government financial subsidies and risk sharing + financial industries alliance + supply chain cost sharing” was designed, and a tripartite evolutionary game model among energy enterprises, CCS operators and financial institutions was built, treating government as an external factor, to discuss the optimal financing mechanism for CCS commercialization at different stages of development. The main research results are as follows: (1) government subsidy is the most effective among the above financing mechanisms, while financial industries’ alliance is the most durable; (2) compared with the government’s risk-sharing mechanism for financial institutions, reducing the carbon price risk of CCS operators has a more significant impact on CCS commercialization; (3) in the supply chain financing mechanism, the cost sharing ratio of CCS operators should be moderate, too high and too low a ratio are not conducive to the development of CCS commercialization. In addition, it is also found that the operating model varies from company to company and cannot be generalized. That is to say, CCS commercialization would be more suitable for energy enterprises with lower cumulative CO₂ emissions, and self-operated models would be more suitable for those large energy enterprises with higher cumulative CO₂ emissions.