微罪附随后果的检视与出路

    An Examination and Solution of the Collateral Consequences Attached to Minor Crimes

    • 摘要: 犯罪附随后果的规范化、体系性建构的现实困境为传统犯罪中的报应性附随后果是否具有适当性的问题。微罪的立法初衷及目的在于预防而非报应,故与报应性犯罪附随后果存在难以调和的矛盾。基于社会法制文化认知所形成的“隐性附随后果”在微罪中并不存在。微罪应确定为法定最高刑为1年有期徒刑以下的犯罪。微罪附随后果原则上不具有适当性,微罪记录原则上不应当被披露。微罪记录封存制度是解决目前微罪附随后果问题的具有现实可操作性的路径。

       

      Abstract: The dilemma in the standardization and systematic construction of the collateral consequences is the appropriateness of the retributive consequences in traditional crimes. The intention and purpose of minor crimes is prevention rather than retribution. Therefore, there is a natural contradiction between minor crime and retributive collateral consequences. “Incidental collateral consequences” which based on the social legal and cultural cognition do not exist in minor crimes. Minor crimes should be defined as crimes for which the statutory maximum penalty is less than one year in prison. In principle, the collateral consequences attached to minor crimes are not appropriate, and the records of minor crimes should not be disclosed from beginning to end. The minor criminal records system is a practical approach to solving the current problem of collateral consequences attached to minor crimes.

       

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