Abstract: Xi Jinping’s important statement on the development of new quality productivity is of great innovative contribution, and is one of the latest theoretical achievements of Marxism’s sinicization in times. It has reached a new height in the understanding of “what is new quality productivity”, and clarified that new quality productivity refers to an advanced productivity that adheres to the innovative development concept and thinking, has the characteristics of “high technology, high efficiency and high quality”, and pursues the overall optimization of productivity level. On the understanding of “Why we should develop new quality productivity”, the author made a new explanation, pointing out that the development of new quality productivity is the internal requirement and important focus of promoting high-quality development, the fundamental requirement and practical guarantee for grasping the opportunities of global scientific and technological competition, and the essential requirement and key measure to realize the people’s yearning for a better life. In the understanding of “how to develop new quality productivity”, it provides a new plan, from accelerating the realization of high-level science and technology self-reliance, leading the development of strategic emerging industries and future industries, to smoothing the virtuous cycle of education, science and technology, and talents. It adheres to “first to establish and then to break”, adapting to local conditions, and classified guidance methodology to continuously, promote the comprehensive deepening of reform, and so on.