《民法典》“教育”条款的规范分析与价值衔接

    Normative Analysis and Value Convergence of “Education” Provisions of the Civil Code

    • 摘要: 《民法典》“教育”条款作为教育法制体系建构的重要补充,应当成为教育法学理论研究的关注对象。通过规范分析可以发现,总则编、物权编、婚姻家庭编以及侵权编关于“教育”条款的设计共同塑造了《民法典》教育制度的体系结构,其基本特征在于分布较为分散,并未形成严密的逻辑结构,侧重于对权利义务关系的调整,而且主要是针对私法领域的教育问题进行规定。《民法典》“教育”条款规范作用的彰显,依赖于其与宪法文本、教育单行法的有效衔接。《民法典》承继宪法对公民受教育权的保障理念,宪法义务主体规范在民法规则中得以具体展开,宪法对平等民事主体法律关系的调整,体现其与宪法文本的价值衔接。《民法典》“教育”条款调整民事领域的教育法律关系,通过对第三方义务的协同规制,体现其与教育单行法的价值衔接。

       

      Abstract: As an important supplement to the construction of the education legal system, the “education” provisions of the Civil Code should be an object of attention in the theoretical study of education law. Through normative analysis, it is found that the design of the provisions on “education” in the General Provisions, Property Rights, Marriage and Family, and Torts together shapes the system structure of the education system of the Civil Code, which is basically characterised by a relatively decentralised distribution, does not form a rigorous logical structure, focuses on the adjustment of the relationship between rights and obligations, mainly regulating education in the field of private law. The normative role of the provisions of the Civil Code on “education” depends on the effective linkage with the constitutional text and the separate law on education. The Civil Code inherits the concept of the constitutional guarantee of the right of citizens to education, and the norms of the constitutional subject of obligation are specifically developed in the rules of the Civil Code, which regulates the legal relations of equal civil subjects, reflecting the value of its convergence with the constitutional text. The provision “Education” of the Civil Code regulates legal relations in the field of education in the civil sphere, reflecting the value of its convergence with the separate law on education through synergetic regulation of the obligations of third parties.

       

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