Abstract: The narration of his views and theories on political economy is an important part of Marx’s 40 years’ research work on political economy in. The narrative history of Marx’s political economy has gone through three stages: Critique of Politics and National Economy , Critique of Political Economy and Capital . In the first stage, Marx established historical materialism and had some preliminary thought about the labor theory of value, which laid a good foundation for the presentation of the narrative system with the title of Critique of Political Economy . In the second stage, Marx formed the narrative method of economics, explored the narrative structure and content of the political economy system in depth, and created conditions for the opening of the economic narrative stage with Capital as the title. In the third stage, Marx focused on the results of his forty years’ critical work in political economy. The narrative experience of political economy contained in the evolution of Marx’s narrative theme is of great guiding significance to the construction of the socialist political economy system with Chinese characteristics.