施坦沃特对马克思辩证法的分析性诠释

    Ulrich Steinvorth’s Analytical Interpretation of Marx’s Dialectics

    • 摘要: 西方分析的马克思主义学派普遍反对辩证法。乌尔里希·施坦沃特作为德国分析的马克思主义的代表性学者,独树一帜地提出截然相反的意见。他认可和褒扬马克思的辩证法,以分析的方法对马克思的辩证法思想进行科学的分析性诠释,证明马克思的辩证法是一种与分析的方法相兼容的科学方法。基于维也纳学派的逻辑经验主义,施坦沃特将马克思在《资本论》中使用的概念分析方法解释为“模型构建法”,对马克思关于交换过程、商品流通和资本主义经济的辩证分析进行分析性呈现,并基于分析的视角把马克思的辩证法理解为对研究对象的两个必要属性之间相容条件的连续分析。通过严谨细致的逻辑分析与模型构建,施坦沃特成功地反驳传统分析的马克思主义对马克思辩证法的误解,充分阐释马克思辩证法的科学性、批判性和革命性,很好地验证马克思对资本主义经济运行规律分析的科学性及其关于资本主义经济必将毁灭之预测的准确性。相对于马克思丰富的辩证法思想,施坦沃特的理论视野仍显狭窄,若能进一步拓展分析的视野,其论证将更有说服力。

       

      Abstract: The Western school of analytic Marxism generally opposes dialectics. However, Ulrich Steinvorth, a representative scholar of German analytic Marxism, uniquely presents a completely different opinion. He unequivocally recognizes and praises Marx’s dialectics, providing a scientific analytic interpretation of Marx’s dialectical thought through analytic methods. He demonstrates that Marx’s dialectics is a scientific method compatible with analytic approaches. Based on the logical empiricism of the Vienna Circle, Steinvorth interprets the conceptual analysis method used by Marx in Capital as the “model-building method,” presenting an analytic representation of Marx’s dialectical analysis of the exchange process, commodity circulation, and the capitalist economy. From an analytic perspective, he interprets Marx’s dialectics as a continuous analysis of the compatibility conditions between two necessary attributes of the research object. Through rigorous and meticulous logical analysis and model-building, Steinvorth successfully refutes the traditional analytic Marxism’s misunderstanding of Marx’s dialectics. He thoroughly elucidates the scientific, critical, and revolutionary nature of Marx’s dialectics, effectively verifying the scientific nature of Marx’s analysis of the laws of capitalist economic operation and the accuracy of his prediction of the inevitable destruction of the capitalist economy. Nevertheless, compared to Marx’s rich dialectical thought, Steinvorth’s theoretical perspective remains narrow. If he could further expand his analytic perspective, his argument would be more convincing.

       

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