Abstract: The problem of the peasants' interests is one of the main problems that China has been faced with in its economic reform and modernization. Chinese peasents' interests in economy and politics such as their immediate concerns, democratic rights and social security have not been fully concerned and respected,which has become a barrier to China's reforms and stability.This problem is derived from many unfavorable factors. A proposal for the solution of the present problem is presented in the paper. That is,to carry out an active and steady reforming policy of economy, politics and social system in the rural areas, and to systemize and legalize the protection and realization of the peasents'interests.