Abstract: Social role theory is one of the most heeded social psychology in the current academic circle and social public concerns,because it has a pragmatic application to the knowledge and resolution of some social problems. This paper applies the basic concepts and viewpoints of social role theory to explain the reasons why there are two types of basic power relationships in the internal management of higher education institutions and the conflicts between the two parties; meanwhile it proposes a preliminary resolution to the optimization and coordination between administrative and academic powers.