Abstract: The content of national economy mobilization is gradually enriched with its development.This paper first analyzes the content of strategic materials reserves and the significance of the optimization of their scale.Then it points out that in order to ensure the supply of strategic materials and fulfillment of the requirements for the cost of national economy mobilization,an optimization of the scale of strategic materials reserves should be implemented by determining the quantities of strategic materials that are reserved and mobilized in accordance with the characteristics of different types of strategic materials and various influencing factors.