Abstract: By establishing analysis model of total factor productivity,this paper collects China's statistical data during 1952-2002 and estimates annual total factor productivity as well as its growth rate.The main conclusions are as follows: before the reform and opening up,China's total factor productivity fluctuated significantly and fell a little;during the early stage of the reform,there had been a lot of ups and downs in the total factor productivity;but during 1992-1998,the total factor productivity soared for seven years,and the contribution of the total factor productivity to output reached 22.22%;from 1998 till now,the total factor productivity growth is dropping slowly.