Abstract: By a comparative analysis of the relevant synopsis backgrounds and the base of the discipline, this paper indicates that Science of National Economic Mobilization belongs to the category of management science; its discipline system is centered round the decision theory of management and is based on the relevant models of economic study; and its key way for the research is how to heighten the mobilization celerity. This paper has clarified the relevant category and system of the science, which is the basic work for the development of this discipline.