Abstract: Traditional bureaucratic system which originated from the Pre-Qin period is highly centralized family bureaucratic system.It does not have scientific, rational and legislative spirit of the modern bureaucratic system. It is deeply rooted that the residue of rule by man has impacts on the contemporary Chinese people's concepts. Although the western new management doctrine urges the rejection of modern bureaucratic system, compared to the traditional Chinese bureaucratic system, the advantages of modern bureaucratic system are significant. Because China's market economy foundation, the rule-of-law environment, non-governmental organizations and civil society don't yet meet condition for the development of modern bureaucratic system, the urgent task is not to imitate the new public management model, but based on social realities in China, resolutely reject the traditional bureaucratic system, learn from reasonable elements of the modern bureaucratic system, and thus innovate the administrative system with Chinese characteristics.