Abstract: The reform of the retrial system aims at both intensifying the litigant's right to apply for the review to the court and safeguarding the final jurisdiction of the court effectively, of which the most important thing is to establish the system of civil retrial litigation. Comparing with litigation and appeal, retrial litigation has special meaning and value. The subject of instituting the retrial procedure, the system of jurisdiction, the reason of retrial, the registration and acceptance, the trial procedure and the expiration need to be considered so as to construct the system of the civil retrial litigation.