Abstract: This research investigates the problems existing in the practices of agent construction system and then points out that the crucial task should be to put on the adjustment and optimization of the agent construction project management institution at present to improve its performance. It means that the governance of agent construction projects should be improved further. Based on this practical demand， project governance is introduced as a way to improve the performance of public project management， including its essence， definition， content and its difference with project management. Subsequently， the governance structure and governance mechanism (including 6 aspects) of agent construction project are studied in detail. It is found that all the suggestions for the agent construction system improvement by the practice belong to the governance structure and governance mechanism above.