Abstract: The straw is a good， clean and renewable energy source. It is a kind of new energy which has the hugest potential for development and utilization. It has better economic， ecological and social benefits. The straw generation is one kind of power generation which uses the straw as its main fuel. It is an important form of using straw for energy. With the development of the straw generation industry， the fuel supply has become an important factor for its sustainable development. Using the game theory， the present study builds a model based on the two straw collecting and storing enterprises and one straw power plant， analyses the impacts on the earnings of the vertical strategic coalition consisting of the straw collecting and storing enterprises and straw power plant， deduces the conditions to be satisfied for the existence of the effective strategic coalition and conducts a case study analyzing the data from a certain straw power plant.