Abstract: Value orientation is the fundamental conception and measurement standards of government performance evaluation. It could have direct impact on the construction of measurement indicators,the formation and usefulness of evaluation results. According to the requirement of public accountability,the core value orientation of Chinese primary government performance evaluation is to safeguard and enhance public interests,and it consists of four aspects: growth,equity,democracy and stability. In the process of performance evaluation,we should get a dialectical trade-off between growth and equity,democracy and stability.