Abstract: Using the statistical data of 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)of China in 2008,this paper studies the quantitative relationship between competitiveness and public facilities by using canonical correlation analysis of multivariate statistical analysis. Results show that information infrastructure,sanitation facilities and social security are decisive to the provincial competitiveness,while transportation facilities,traffic facilities and basic education have side effect on competitiveness. The canonical variables of public facility group have strong predictive ability to sanitation facilities,information infrastructure,social security and traffic infrastructure,while low predictive ability to the growth of GDP and labor productivity. The canonical variables in the groups of public facilities and provincial competitiveness explain the corresponding vitiates well and the interactive explanatory ability is also very high.