Abstract: Civilian Industry Mobilization Base, which plays an important role in effectively and efficiently implementing Civilian Industry Mobilization and the National Economy Mobilization, constitutes the prerequisite of implementing Civilian Industry Mobilization. This paper first defines the connotation and extension of Civilian Industry Mobilization Base. Next,it puts forward the construction of Civilian Industry Mobilization Base from the viewpoint of system theory. It proposes that Civilian Industry Mobilization Base consists of four sub-systems: products production,innovation and research and development, maintenance,and organization and coordination. Then, it analyzes the composition modules of each sub-system and the key elements of each module, and the factors which influence the operation performance of each module. It provides a new viewpoint for the further study and reconstruction of Civilian Industry Mobilization Base.