Abstract: A multi-dimensional solution, including early-warning system, technical support and intensive learning and drill, is very essential for responding to the pollution incident of water sources and studying the accordant pollution diffusion model and emergency treatment mechanism in complex water supply networks. Division of pollution level, decomposition of pollution procedure, responsibility and right matched emergency treatment mechanism were put forward in this article on the basis of the current cognitive ability, information condition and administrative resources distribution characteristics. A rule to calibrate the crisis level and emergency treatment responsibility according to the different class and time phase of the sudden pollution was created. Further, the concrete emergency treatment mechanism can be developed to a general emergency control model if some complex, dynamical and universally applicable parameters are introduced.