Abstract: Based on attitude formation process analysis, a realization process theoretical model of individual low-carbon consumption was constructed. Empirical studies were carried out to discuss the reasons for the differences between attitude and actual behaviors, to find the way to realize low-carbon economy. The results indicate, environmental cognition have positive influences on social consciousness consumption behavior, and negative influences on individual consciousness consumption behavior. Enhancing environmental cognition is the most effective way to promote low-carbon economy. Cognition of low-carbon consumption significance, low-carbon consumption preference to others, low-carbon consumption behavioral tendency can promote social consciousness consumption behavior, so they are beneficial for low-carbon economy. Low-carbon consumption preference have negative impacts on individual consciousness consumption behavior, so it needs to be guided. The current social consumption culture pressure have negative impacts on the relationship between attitude processes, behavioral tendency and actual behavior, so healthy social consumption culture should be cultivated. Supporting measures of the government and society to low-carbon consumption economy realization are also proposed.