Abstract: The household contract responsibility system will eventually replace the people’s commune system to become the fundamental system of China’s agricultural production and management, and its root lies in its ability to“respect the farmers’ wishes, meet the farmers’ demands, maintain and develop the farmers’ interests.” This is not only a summary of the experiences and lessons of New China agricultural economic system reform, but also a summary of the fundamental principles and requirements of the formulation and implementation of agricultural and rural policy. To achieve this, it is necessary to correctly understand the farmers and farmers’ awareness, fully respect and actively play the farmers’ creation spirit, correctly understand the agricultural family business model, actively support the agricultural household economy, further deepen the reform of rural land property right system, and earnestly protect the farmers’ interests in land in order to better solve the current various difficulties and problems existing in the our country’s agricultural family management and farmers’ production and life, and promote the continuous development of China’s agriculture.