Abstract: Proprietors' autonomy has arisen in the course of China'housing system reform and its meaning may be illustrated in the broad sense. Proprietors' autonomy embodies Polycentric Governance. The proprietors' autonomy's necessity and its significance may be analyzed from Polycentric Governance'three generation logical perspectives, namely remodeling the relation between country and society, the increase in citizens'social rights and public issues, and the transformation of democracy and democracy at the grassroots. However, proprietors'autonomy practice is facing considerable difficulties, including dilemmas of democracy and cooperation, conflicts between regulations and realities, predicaments faced by government guidance departments, and quagmires of interests game. To deal with these difficulties,systematic solutions should be generated according to the constructive theory of cooperation mechanism of Polycentric Governance. That is to say, rules of operation, cooperation field and governance subject should be taken as three basic points to construct the cooperation and governance mechanism,which can help promote sound development for proprietors' autonomy.