Abstract: The paper used an non-competitive input-output model, adopted the Chinese input-output table of 1997, 2002 and 2007, considered the effect of processing trade, and divided all industries into 15 categories and energy resources into 8 categories to analyze the questions concerning CO2 emissions based on China's production, consumption, export, import, and the net CO2 emissions in international trade. The results show that:(1)China was always a country of net carbon export; CO2 emissions were increasing continuously from 1997—2007;CO2 emissions based on China's production were larger than that based on China's consumption; additionally, the proportion of CO2 emissions of export in the CO2 emissions of China's production was high, which indicated that the effect of export to China's CO2 emissions couldn't be ignored. (2)The three industries with greater CO2 emissions based on import and export were always machinery equipment manufacturing industry, chemical industry and metal products manufacturing industry.(3)In terms of unit output value,CO2 emission intensity of China's production, export and import was decreasing continuously from 1997—2007. However, CO2 emission intensity of net trade kept increasing; CO2 emission intensity of export was much greater than that of China's production. It showed that energy and resources were soaring in China's net trade. Therefore, China should encourage the export of industries that are low energy-consuming and low-emission, limit that of high energy-consuming and high-emission industries, develop wind, solar and other low-carbon and new energy resources actively to reduce the CO2 emissions of China, and achieve the goal of sustainable development under a low-carbon growth model.