Abstract: The article uses the DEA to measure the efficiency and assess the operational efficiencies in medical institutions in Beijing, analyzing the reasons for existing resource allocation and operational efficiency. Based on the existing resource allocation and operational efficiency and combined with the characteristics of the development in medical and health institutions in Beijing, the article proposes that government should play an important role in the health care reform and resource allocation, making the market effective and the resource optimal; medical institutions should undertake the responsibility of people's basic medical services, improving their operational effectiveness and service quality to optimize the resource allocation; patients should change their recognitions and receive community health services and some lower-rated medical institutions services.