Abstract: In order to discuss to what extent the carbon emission trading scheme may impact cost optimizing and carbon emissions control in the course of inventory management under the uncertain conditions, trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are applied to describe parameters and variables,fuzzy economic order quantity model and carbon emission model are constructed under carbon emission trading scheme, the relation between economic order quantities is analyzed comparatively when different decisions are made, and the effect on fuzzy cost and carbon emissions by carbon emission trading scheme is demonstrated. The results show that:a fuzzy model can effectively reduce the uncertainty of a decision;when fuzzy parameters satisfy a certain conditions, the economic order quantity before and after considering carbon emission trading scheme is distinctive from that considering minimum carbon emission quantity, and it is the appropriate time to have a carbon emission trading; the increase of carbon emission quotas can reduce cost profoundly, whereas it has no direct influence upon economic order quantity and carbon emissions; the carbon price has a negative correlation with emissions, while its effect upon cost depends on the range of given carbon emission quotas.