Abstract: With Liulitun landfill in Beijing as a case, through statistics description and multiple regression analysis, the anxiety, risk perception and avoidance attitudes of people living in surrounding areas and their internal relations have been analyzed. Studies have found that, nearly three-quarters of the residents have a more than moderate level of anxiety, nearly sixty percent of residents show NIMBY attitude strongly; anxiety and NIMBY attitude has a significant positive correlation. In the four factors of risk cognition (compensation, quality of life,environmental pollution and health),there is a significant negative correlation between NIMBY attitude and compensation, while quality of life, environmental pollution and health has a significant positive correlation with NIMBY attitude.